Bihar

Bihar lies in the eastern parts of the ganga plain .it has a long border with Nepal in the north .uttar Pradesh,Madhya Pradesh,orissa and west Bengal are its neighbours .

Bihar has two kinds of land surfaces .the northern part is a fertile plain .it is one of the most fertile plains of India .it has been made fertile by the river that flow through it .ganga is the most important river of bihar .other important rivers are thegandak,kosi and the son .the ganga divides the northen plain into two parts .rice ,wheat and sugar-cane are grown throughout the plain .we find jute and tobacco also growing .vegetables and fruit are found in plenty throughout the ganga plain. The mangoes,bananas and litchis of bihar are famous .

The southern part of bihar ,known as chota nagpur plateau,is a hilly region.it is covered with forests ,which provide different kinds of wood .like the adjoining states of orissa and Madhya Pradesh, bihar also lies in the rich mineral belt.the important minerals are coal ,iron-ore copper,manganese,mica and bauxite .the chota nagpur plateau is richest region in mineral wealth in India .

This part of bihar is also the home of many tribes .

Each tribe has its own dress ,customs and language.they are very fond of singing and dancing .the folk-dances of these people have become very famous. Most tribals are farmers. Many work in mines and factories. Some of them still live by hunting.the life of the tribals of bihar,like the tribals of other states has changed a great deal.the government is helping them to improve their condition.

Anumber of small rivers flow through this part .most people live in valleys. Farming is their main occupation .

The rivers of bihar used to get flooded every year in the rainy season. Floods caused great damage .dams have been built across river like the damodar and the kosi. These dams have helped the control of floods .the water collected behind the dams is used for irrigation and producing electricity .the damodar valley project is very important for bihar and west Bengal.

Patna is capital of bihar .it is an ancient city .in olden times it was known as patliputra. It has been the capital of many rulers since ancient times. Har mandir sahib,golghar and the museum are some of the important places in patna. Nalanda,the famous Buddhist university ,is in bihar .ranchi is the only hill-station .

Barauni has a big oil refinery ,sindri has a huge fertilizer factory .the other big industries are locomotives,electrical machines,sugar ,jute and paper .silk and handicrafts are the famous cottage industries of the state.they also print colourful designs on cloth.it is called the madhubani art.

Languages of Bihar

The people of bihar speak the hindi language .many also speak urdu.

Religious Places Of Bihar

Places of pilgrimage of all religions are found in bihar .gaya is the sacred place for the hindus as well as the Buddhists.it was at bodh gaya that gautama affained enlightenment and became the Buddha .bihar sharif is a holy place of the muslims and pavapuri of the jains .har mandir sahib ,the birthplace of guru govind singh is an important place of pilgrimage of the Sikhs in patna .rajgir is a pilgrimage center for the Buddhists and the jains .there is a beautiful Buddhists temple here.

Dresses and Food Of Bihar

The men in bihar wear dhoti and kurta .women wear saree and blouse .they eat rice and wheat with pulse and vegetables .many people also eat meat .

Districts of Bihar